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8 Frequently Asked Questions About Bone Density Tests

8 frequently asked questions about bone density tests
A bone density test is a screening that helps determine whether a patient is suffering from osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease marked by weak and brittle bones. A bone density test helps warn individuals of serious weakness in the bones and helps in getting it treated before facing the issue of a broken bone. In the past, doctors would wait until a patient suffered a broken bone or a fracture to test for osteoporosis. However, now, prevention is key; a bone density test helps predict bone health and deterioration so that preventive measures may be taken to offset the effects of brittle bone diseases.

Let’s take a look at some of the FAQs on bone density tests.

How is a bone density test conducted?

A bone density test is called a DEXA scan.
It is a type of X-ray in which a small, portable machine measures the density of the bones in the body. It may even reach the smallest of joints such as those in the hands and feet.
The entire test takes anywhere between 10 and 30 minutes.

What does a bone density test reveal?

A bone density test is done for the following reasons:
It warns of the onset of osteopenia or osteoporosis.
It predicts a patient’s chances of suffering a fracture or a broken bone due to low bone density.
It confirms a doctor’s diagnosis of osteoporosis.
It reveals the progress of ongoing osteoporosis medication.
In some cases, the DEXA test may also reveal signs that cancer has spread to the bones.

Are there any side-effects of a bone density test?

There are usually no side-effects of this test.
However, after the procedure, some patients do experience an upset stomach, difficulty in swallowing, and heartburn.
In very rare cases, some patients experience additional joint and muscle pain after the procedure.

Who should undergo a bone density test?
A bone density test is recommended in the following cases:

For men and women above the age of 65.
For women who have just gone through menopause.
For a person who has been under a long-term prescription of certain steroids such as prednisone.
For the patients who have had a fracture post the age of 50.
For the patients who have lost height of around 4 centimeters or more in the past year; osteoporosis may cause compression fractures in the spine.
For the patients who have had a bone marrow transplant or an organ transplant, as anti-rejection medications interfere with the bone-building process.
For patients who suffer hormonal fluctuations.
For patients who have been suffering from constant back pain.

How often should you go for a bone density test?

A bone density test is usually advised once every two years.
For patients undergoing treatment for osteoporosis, the test is recommended annually.
The doctor can best advice on how often you may need to get the test done.

What is the meaning of T-score?

Bone density results come as T-scores. A T-score compares the patient’s bone density with the bone density of a 30-year-old individual.
A T-score of -1.0 and above is considered normal.
A T-score between -1.0 to -2.5 indicates low bone density or osteopenia.
A T-score below -2.5 indicates osteoporosis.
Always get the test results interpreted by a medical professional; never attempt to check them on your own.

Are there any precautions to take before the screening?

A bone density test is a painless procedure.
It is recommended that you avoid the intake of any calcium supplements 24 to 48 hours before the test.
Wear loose and comfortable cotton clothing.
Remove all metal objects from the pockets and avoid clothes that have zippers and metal buttons.

Are there any tips to keep your bones strong?

Exercise daily to keep your bones strong. Walking, jogging and lifting weights are some highly recommended forms of exercise.
Include plenty of Vitamin D in your daily diet.
Consider taking calcium supplements.

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